Swarm Intelligence-Optimized Energy Management for Prolonging the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Recent technological and industrial progress has enabled the development of small, high-performing, energy-saving, affordable sensor nodes that possess the potential to adapt, be self-aware, and self-organize. These nodes are designed for versatile communications applications. Sensor networks for sustainable development focus on the ways in which sensor network technology can enhance social development and improve living standards without causing harm to the environment or depleting natural resources. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offer undeniable benefits in various fields, including the military, healthcare, traffic monitoring, and remote image sensing. Given the constraints of sensor networks, varying degrees of security are necessary for these critical applications, posing difficulties in the implementation of conventional algorithms. The issue of security has emerged as a primary concern in the context of IoT and smart city applications. Sensor networks are often regarded as the fundamental building blocks of IoTs and smart cities. The WSN encompasses a routing algorithm, network strength, packet loss, energy loss, and various other intricate considerations. The WSN also addresses intricate matters such as energy usage, a proficient approach for picking cluster heads, and various other concerns. The recent growth of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has made it increasingly difficult to ensure the trustworthiness and reliability of data due to the distinct features and limitations of nodes. Hostile nodes can easily damage the integrity of the network by inserting fake and malicious data, as well as launching internal attacks. Trust-based security is employed to detect and identify rogue nodes, providing a robust and adaptable protection mechanism. Trust evaluation models are crucial security-enhancement mechanisms that enhance the reliability and collaboration of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks. This study recommends the use of DFA UTrust, a unique trust technique, to effectively satisfy the security requirements of WSNs.