Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to present and analyze approaches for sustainable urban mobility in Poznan and Oslo. The topic of sustainable urban transport as well as green mobility is currently important from formal perspectives, due to European regulations, and because of ecological conditions and resulting climate changes. The research methodology implemented includes analysis of the literature on the research subject; analysis of EU documents and national policies with respect to financing and development of sustainable urban transport (SUT); development of a questionnaire on SUT in Oslo and Poznan, using the questionnaire to collect opinions on SUTs in Oslo and Poznan, and analyzing respondents’ answers, defining recommendations concerning future activities for urban sustainability in the surveyed cities. The authors provide a review of the actual sustainable urban mobility situations in Oslo and Poznan, compare government support and sources of funding, identify gaps in terms of EU requirements, and try to compare the residents’ expectations with the city’s activities in the field of sustainable transport development. The research group includes students residing in both cities. The group constitutes 10–20% of the total number of inhabitants in cities being the subject of research. The empirical part investigates what their preferences are regarding the use of public transport in the context of sustainable development. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be stated that a sustainable urban mobility is one of the key development directions in Poland and Norway. The respondents see opportunities for developing green mobility in their cities as well as municipalities and the national government encouraging a sustainable urban transport. The implementation of the principles of sustainable development and reconstruction of city development strategy can be achieved by the cooperation of all stakeholders (namely: national government, municipalities, public transport providers, city residents).
Highlights
Industrialization impacts on the quality of human life and damages the natural environment
As a result of the survey, which was conducted at the turn of January and February 2020 (The results refer to the situation before COVID-19 and do not include restrictions related to the pandemic situation), 1737 responses were obtained from Poznan and Oslo
The literature review was conducted and supplemented with analysis of documents related to the sustainable development of the analyzed cities
Summary
Industrialization impacts on the quality of human life and damages the natural environment. There is growing recognition of environmental sustainability issues in the literature. Industrialization increases human vulnerabilities and results in an increasing demand for waste utilization, renewable energy resources, water infrastructure development, decreasing greenhouse gases emissions, recycling and waste management, provision of health and safety, access to education, reducing inequalities and child labor, and improving quality of life of the community. Making existing cities and new urban development more ecological and livable is an urgent priority in the global push for sustainability. The challenges of sustainable development are already recognizable—lack of affordable housing, pressure on reducing resources use, gridlocked urban transport systems, air pollution, lack of access to clean water, and others
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