Abstract
Globally the average annual loss of reservoir capacity is approximately 1%. Pakistan is confronting major issue of sedimentation which is continuously depleting the useful storage of reservoirs. GSTARS3 model was used to determine the rate of deposition and sediment pattern of Chashma Reservoir since its operation. The model was calibrated and validated for bathymetric survey of 2008 and 2012. The results of GSTARS3 were incorporated to a GIS software to visualize sediment accumulation in reservoir. The study reveals that sediment flushing of the Chashma Reservoir can be carried out during flood season at a pond level of 638.15 ft. (194.51 m). However, its negative impact if any on the hydropower generation needs to be analysed. Accordingly, modified operation rules would be required.
Highlights
Sedimentation in reservoirs is an outcome of constructing an obstruction in a flowing river, which results in an abatement of the transport capacity of river
Pakistan is confronting major issue of sedimentation which is continuously depleting the useful storage of reservoirs
Following are the conclusions drawn from this study: 1. Average sedimentation rate in reservoir till 2012 is estimated as 0.0124 MAF/year (0.015 BCM/year)
Summary
Sedimentation in reservoirs is an outcome of constructing an obstruction in a flowing river, which results in an abatement of the transport capacity of river. The capacity of reservoir diminishes due to silt aggregation and altered sediment balance due to erosion of river downstream. Reservoir sedimentation represents a serious threat to the storage available. The annual loss rates relative to installed capacity are generally estimated to range between 0.5 and 1% (Mahmood 1987; White 2001; Basson 2009; Schleiss et al 2010). Pakistan is confronting major issue of sedimentation which is continuously depleting the useful storage of reservoirs. Indus river system has three reservoirs, i.e. Chahsma, Tarbela and Mangla. As per hydrographic survey of 2011–2012, reservoir capacities of Chashma and Terbella have reduced to 60 and 35% of gross storage capacity. Whereas the reservoir capacity for Mangla Reservoir after
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