Abstract
Achieving sustainability is a great challenge for most of the Indonesian manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Remanufacturing has been considered to be a key strategy to attain sustainable manufacturing by maximising the use of old components and minimising landfill size and energy usage. However, SMEs, which are undoubtedly the engine of the Indonesian manufacturing industry, do not have adequate experience, skill, resource, technology and financial support in the remanufacturing area. This paper proposes a new concept for sustainable manufacturing assessment framework through remanufacturing strategies in Indonesian SMEs. In this sustainable manufacturing assessment framework, the existing remanufactured products are assessed using sustainable manufacturing criterion (e.g. reliability, life cycle cost, employment opportunity and greenhouse gases). This framework identifies improvement opportunities, including eco-efficiency, cleaner production and green technology to make existing remanufactured products technically, economically, environmentally and socially sustainable. The sustainability of remanufactured alternators produced by Indonesian SMEs has been assessed to validate the aforementioned sustainable manufacturing assessment framework.
Highlights
It is difficult for many developing countries to access medical equipment necessary for healthcare
This paper proposes a definition for medical equipment remanufacture
The medical equipment sector is one crucial area where its practice would yield tremendous benefits contributing to the sustainable development goals of health and poverty alleviation
Summary
It is difficult for many developing countries to access medical equipment necessary for healthcare. The model is primarily useful in resolving ethical, liability, environmental and cost issues associated with reusing single-use medical devices While these papers address medical equipment remanufacturing from various perspectives, none has reported the manner in which it is practised in the industry, especially from the perspective of fulfilling regulatory requirements which determine medical equipment market entry. This paper intends to analyse the EU and US regulatory perspectives with respect to medical equipment remanufacturing or related practices and to propose a definition for remanufacturing which can help to achieve the goal of increasing access to functional medical equipment in developing countries. This is important as current approaches are unsustainable. The European remanufacturing network market studies show that many developing countries are destinations for used medical equipment sold ‘as is’ or following poorly conducted recovery process [18], a situation which has contributed to the abundance of poor quality medical equipment that either cannot be put to use or would no longer be safe
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