Abstract
This paper focuses on the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the sustainable independent tourism and hospitality. Moreover, it attempts to identify emerging trends in tourism of the 21st century. Nowadays, tourism has become more independent on large travel agencies and package tours and this transition has been caused by the development of Internet and information technologies. Most recently, the rise of the sharing economy had an array of important implications for the tourism sector with such digital platforms as Uber, Airbnb, Gett, Lyft, TripAdvisor, Expedia or Booking.com replacing the traditional ways to travel. Surely, independent tourism is not for everyone and might be restricted to small groups of people. However, it is crucial for sustainable development in tourism and hospitality sector due to the fact that it can replace massive tourism and limit the extent of overtourism in many popular destinations.
Highlights
Tourism can bring great benefits to local communities, as it provides sustainable livelihoods, employment and additional income [1]
The tourism literature looks at tourism phenomenon and examines the impact of tourism on social and economic development and on the local economy
Information and communication technologies (ICT) changed the way tourism industry is explored by the millennials and post-millennials in selecting and organising their tourist experience, as well as the importance that is attributed to the holiday and its more frequent practice [4]
Summary
Tourism can bring great benefits to local communities, as it provides sustainable livelihoods, employment and additional income [1]. The tourism literature looks at tourism phenomenon and examines the impact of tourism on social and economic development and on the local economy. When researchers examine the social and economic impact of tourism on the development of society, a demonstration effect is introduced into tourism [7]. Tourism is accused of harming the young members of the host community, which could mimic the behaviour of tourists and affect traditional values. Demonstrating this effect implies that culture is weak and needs to be protected from external influences. Sustainable development of tourism is subject to many factors and influences many other factors, such as economic, environmental, cultural and social aspects [8]
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