Abstract
Global environmental threats from human accomplishments are becoming most complex and interlinked, with widespread repercussions for people, ecosystems, and economies. We investigate the impact of low-carbon electricity production and international trade on environmental sustainability in selected Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries, using economic growth and government expenditure as moderators from 1990 to 2019. Comprehensive empirical analysis and second-generation advanced econometric methodologies are applied to this study. Our results signify that low-carbon electricity production is negatively associated, while economic growth, international trade, and government expenditure are positively related to environmental sustainability. Moreover, low-carbon electricity production improves, while economic growth, international trade, and government expenditure deteriorate the environmental sustainability in selected APEC countries. This empirical evidence suggests that APEC countries should broaden low-carbon energy policies to accelerate renewable energy technology and industry system evolution, encouraging breakthrough technological innovations and industrialization of wind power, solar power, and bio-liquid fuels. Research limitations and directions discussed.
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