Sustainable Dyeing Techniques

Abstract

The success of textile industry depends on the colour of the finished product which attracts humans. Textile industry often deals with design and conversion of yarn into fibre then into fabric finally dyed and fabricated into finished clothing. Dyeing is defined as the method of imparting colour to finished products mainly fabrics or during the initial stage to the yarn itself. Three main processes are involved in dyeing process namely preparation, dyeing and finishing. Dyeing process may be carried out in batch or in continuous mode. It consists of a special solution containing dye and chemical for binding. The two factors influencing dyeing process are temperature and time controlling. There are different methods applied by textile industries for adding colour to the products. Few dyeing techniques include exhaust, pad, pad-fixation, printing, bale, batik, beam, chain, cross, random, etc. Though dyes are attractive in nature, their impact on environment depends on the type of substance used and removal and degradation of dye substances. The contaminated wastewater discharged out after dyeing process contains huge amount of chemical substances which has negative impact on environment.