Sustainable development or smoke?: The role of natural resources, renewable energy, and agricultural practices in China

Abstract

Numerous factors are recognized as contributors to ecological degradation. These include, but are not limited to, globalization, the consumption of natural resources, agricultural practices, and the utilization of renewable energy. To dissect and better understand this intricate phenomenon, the current study explores the intricate connections between these variables and CO2 emissions. This investigation is set against a densely populated economy over three decades, from 1990 to 2020. The findings reveal intriguing implications for policymakers. Natural resources, surprisingly, have been found to decrease CO2 emissions in the selected economy. Concurrently, both agriculture and globalization have been observed to increase CO2 emissions. On a positive note, renewable energy contributes to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Based on these empirical findings, it is recommended that policymakers actively encourage investment in renewable energy technologies and adopt sustainable practices. They should also aim to instill responsible consumption habits that reduce the overexploitation of natural resources. By incorporating these insights into policy decisions, governments can effectively mitigate ecological degradation and drive their economies towards a sustainable future.