Sustainable development of Draksha- Beeja extract loaded gelatin and starch-based green and biodegradable mats for potential tissue engineering applications

Abstract

Eco-friendly, cost-effective solutions can solve sustainable tissue engineering issues, including making natural, biodegradable, and non-toxic biomaterials. This study aims to assess Draksha Beeja supplements (Grape Seed Extract, INLIFE) loaded edible gelatin and potato starch-based mat in prospective tissue engineering applications. The fabricated mats were characterized physiochemically in detail using Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultimate tensile strength Testing, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Thermogravimetry. They were also examined in-vitro and in-vivo for cytocompatibility and biocompatibility assessment. The hemocompatibility assay indicated no blood toxicity. In-vivo testing showed high biocompatibility and no toxic reactions. More than 80% cell viability was noted for all the 3 Mats. The mats degraded after 14 days, promoted cellular proliferation, and accelerated wound healing based on histological examinations. The Mats on in-vivo testing in rat models were found to have no allergic reaction or toxic effect. This work highlighted a new horizon using a natural product-based Mat for biomedical applications. The mats were biocompatible, ecologically safe, and had thermal and mechanical qualities, suggesting their use in tissue engineering applications, and can promote sustainable biomaterials.