Abstract
In the context of ensuring an effective strategy for sustainable development, it is necessary to consider that modern education is mainly focused on the theoretical type of scientific knowledge, on natural and engineering-technological models of thinking. At the same time, the theory of pedagogy is constantly debated and criticized by scientism. It is a term that doesn’t exist in the European countries - humanitarian or humanistic technologies - it is like wooden iron, because both the humanitarian and humanistic paradigms were formulated and spread as an alternative to the technological direction, starting from it. This is a contradiction within the theory. Another contradiction: despite the frontal critique of the school of knowledge and subject-centrism, in practice such a subject-oriented or psychologically-oriented approach remains dominant. As a result, in the minds of schoolchildren, students there is a mosaic of unrelated pieces of knowledge. Why do we hold such an approach so firmly? It is important to understand the reasons for this, otherwise we will not be able to find a practical way out of this situation, one criticism is not enough. This is not an internal pedagogical issue, but the convenience of management, external control over the activities of the education system, educational institution. Attempts to reform the pedagogical system constantly run into this circumstance, as pedagogy in its main part remains entirely state and regulated from the outside, no matter how much we talk about the partial autonomy of school, education, higher education. The model of Waldorf pedagogy is still the only one that aims to transfer the experience of sustainable development in various fields comprehensively, that is, in its own way repeats the development of mankind in teaching. In Waldorf pedagogy, the component of responsibility is realized, for instance, through environmental education. It is necessary to perceive the activity as a part of the general activity. Freedom has a structure and necessarily includes a component of responsibility.
Highlights
What can be understood as an alternative in social development, pedagogy, philosophy of education and education management? Let's pay attention to the two main meanings of the concept of "alternative"
Attempts to reform the pedagogical system constantly run into this circumstance, as pedagogy in its main part remains entirely state and regulated from the outside, no matter how much we talk about the partial autonomy of school, education, higher education
The model of Waldorf pedagogy is still the only one that aims to transfer the experience of sustainable development in various fields comprehensively, that is, in its own way repeats the development of mankind in teaching
Summary
What can be understood as an alternative in social development, pedagogy, philosophy of education and education management? Let's pay attention to the two main meanings of the concept of "alternative". The alternative is the existence of a choice, we can choose between different paths, different directions. You can borrow from different pedagogical systems the best individual elements and combine them. Each approach in pedagogy give a number of consequences that change everything
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