Abstract
Sustainable development paradigm is one of the dominant paradigms of the century. In 1987, “Our Common Future,” the Brundtland Commission adopted the concept of “sustainable development” to challenge the dominant paradigm of development as equivalent to economic growth. Using rating systems is like a plan in order to implement sustainable development. Moreover, Tehran as the capital of Iran and a megalopolis needs an appropriate rating system to be assessed in context of sustainable development. Be that as it may, Selection of a rating system pivots on the paradigm of the planner that how the planner describes the development and what are the planner's preferences; and also on the priorities of the city planned to be developed. This research has tried to evaluate rating systems to unveil their qualities to afford city planners an opportunity to use an appropriate approach of sustainable development. Authors of this research hold the opinion that if planners' preferences and priorities of a city can be in step with a rating system, the best result will occur. Furthermore, it was decided to do the evaluation in the context of ASTM E2432. In this research rating systems of ISCA, BREEAM, LEED-ND, CASBEE, Green star, DGNB were chosen to be evaluated. On the other hand, the obstacles of implementing sustainable development in Tehran were identified. Finally, LEED-ND was identified as the best rating system among above-mentioned ones. Since the research was exploratory research, a qualitative approach was selected to do the evaluation. Consequently, structured interviewing was applied as a fitting method and the technique of pile sorting was used to collect data in interviews as well.
Highlights
Cities are complex hybrid socioeconomic–natural ecosystems, representing the densest concentrations of human activity [1]
Selection of a fitting rating system plays a crucial role in the betterment of the condition of a city, and to reach this goal should it be in step with the condition of a city and it should be in harmony with the planer's wishes
Having chosen the ASTM E2432 as an appropriate framework to evaluate the selected rating systems, authors came to conclusion that criteria of each rating system should fall into 9 categories as the ASTM E2432 had introduced
Summary
Cities are complex hybrid socioeconomic–natural ecosystems, representing the densest concentrations of human activity [1]. Keeping in mind that the construction sector is evolving towards an increase and a development of the number and type of social, economic and environmental indicators [16], there is a need to establish a methodology for the identification of sustainability indicators from the project management point of view. Having reviewed the most common rating systems, the authors came to conclusion that there should be a way to find the rating system which is in step with the condition of a city and its culture which would appear as a paradigm in planners' mind As to this topic is a part of urbanism and sociology, a qualitative approach to analyse this topic was absolutely essential; this topic had rarely been looked at from this point of view. The rating systems evaluated are six well-known rating systems of sustainable development in cities on a global scale
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