Sustainable development, climate policy and environmental transformation of the Baltic region economies: a comparative analysis

Anatoly Stepanov,Yury Kovalev,Alexander Burnasov,Gulnara Nyussupova,Maria Ilyushkina,W Strielkowski,E Dvoryadkina,E Animitsa

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202020803055

Anatoly Stepanov, Yury Kovalev + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020803055

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Abstract

The article considers the climate policy of the Baltic region countries. The reasons and factors for reducing CO2 emissions in the period 1990-2018 are analyzed, the relationship between the processes of decarbonization and the ecological transformation of farms are demonstrated. The EU influence on the climate policy of individual countries is studied. The features of evolution and the modern structure of the RES sector are explored. The assessment of measures to improve energy efficiency of national economies is given. According to the degree of climate policy efforts and the depth of the ecological transformation of national economies, a ranking scheme for the region countries is proposed.

Highlights

According to the definition of the Brundtland Commission, «Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” [1]
Sweden plans to completely abandon hydrocarbon energy carriers by 2040 [14]; Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Finland, Lithuania will have brought their level to 50 % by 2030. [22; 23; 24; 11; 25], Germany – up to 30% [26]
Russia and Poland are characterized as countries with low development of the renewable energy sector

Summary

Introduction

According to the definition of the Brundtland Commission, «Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” [1]. Sustainable development includes a wide range of goals and objectives that can be differentiated into 4 groups: environmental, social, economic, and political. Climate change threatens the stability of the socio-economic and political systems of the territories. Without complex political measures aimed at curbing the processes of global climate change, any sustainable development of the regions seems to be impossible. Regional climate policy and the associated ecological transformation of the economy are becoming one of the tools for implementing the concept of sustainable development. It is implemented at the global, macro-regional, national and local levels.

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