Abstract
The novelty of this study is to explore the effect of heat treatment of CS on the properties of biocomposites. 200°C, 300°C, 500°C, and burning of 500°C were selected to heat treat CS to obtain CS fillers, and the biocomposites were prepared using CS fillers and LLDPE. The heat treatment of CS can improve the interface bonding and compatibility of biocomposites by the results of FTIR, SEM, and CA. The crystal planes were not changed by the addition of CS fillers. The results of DSC and TGA showed that the heat treatment of CS promoted crystallization and improved the heat resistance of LLDPE. In addition, the flexural properties, tensile properties, stiffness, elasticity, creep resistance, and stress relaxation resistance were all increased by the heat treatment of CS, although it exhibited an adverse effect on the impact strength of LLDPE. After comparison, the best flexural strength and modulus (13.00 MPa and 0.75 GPa) were obtained in 200CSB-L due to the enhancement of CS rigidity by 200°C heat treatment. Also, 200CSB-L showed the best stiffness, elasticity, and dimensional stability than others. The best tensile strength and modulus (10.89 MPa and 0.26 GPa) were obtained in 500CSB-L due to its mechanical interlocking structure. The results of this study indicate that heat treatment would play an important role in biocomposites in terms of the benefit in mechanical properties.
Highlights
Polymer materials have been very widely used in packaging, construction, and transportation due to their rich source of raw materials, low price, light quality, good insulation, low density, and corrosion resistance
These peaks were reduced with increasing heat treatment temperature, which indicates that heat treatment caused the escape of the volatile fraction in cotton stalk (CS)
The peak at around 869 cm− 1 can be attributed to CO32− bending vibration, which indicates the enrichment of carbonate as the increase of heat treatment temperature
Summary
Polymer materials have been very widely used in packaging, construction, and transportation due to their rich source of raw materials, low price, light quality, good insulation, low density, and corrosion resistance. UHMWPE is a semi-crystalline polymer material with extremely high molecular chain entanglement density, moderate crystallinity, and extremely high relative molecular mass (~ 1.5×106), showing better impact strength, excellent wear resistance, low friction coefficient, better corrosion resistance, low water absorption, and good biocompatibility. HDPE has higher crystallinity, better strength, but poor toughness and cold resistance. It is mainly used in packaging materials, blow molded containers, hollow products and, low-end daily necessities, etc. LDPE exhibits better fluidity, lower density, and better toughness than UHMWPE and HDPE, and LDPE is mainly used as a thin film and electrical insulation layer [5]. The poor interface binding caused by polar differences between PE and plant fiber is the main reason for the poor mechanical properties of PE composites, which restricts the application to a wider range [9]
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