Sustainable adhesives for ultra-composites from biomass powder

Abstract

Green adhesives with roborant performance are still a challenge. Here, we prepare a sustainable adhesive directly from biomass-based lignin and furfural in green deep eutectic solvent (DES, ChCl/urea), and then composite materials have been prepared by mixing the as-prepared adhesives with various kinds of biomass powder following a hot-pressing process. The composite material made from bamboo powder shows excellent multifunctional properties. The bending strength reaches 46.06 MPa while the bending modulus even exceeds 10 GPa, and it also has a super high internal bonding strength of 4.54 MPa. The composite also has excellent flame-retardant properties, with a flame-retardant grade of V0. In addition, the LCA-MB has high heat insulation, water resistance, thermal stability, and mildew resistance. In addition, the composite is not only biodegradable but also extremely low-cost, which is much cheaper than most petroleum-based plastics.