Abstract
Every year, structural flaws or breakdowns cause thousands of people to be harmed and cost billions of dollars owing to the limitations of design methods and materials to withstand extreme earthquakes. Since earthquakes have a significant effect on sustainability factors, there is a contradiction between these constraints and the growing need for more sustainable structures. There has been a significant attempt to circumvent these constraints by developing various techniques and materials. One of these viable possibilities is the application of smart structures and materials such as shape memory and piezoelectric materials. Many scholars have examined the use of these materials and their structural characteristics up to this point, but the relationship between sustainability considerations and the deployment of smart materials has received little attention. Therefore, through a review of previous experimental, numerical, and conceptual studies, this paper attempts to draw a more significant relationship between smart materials and structural sustainability. First, the significant impact of seismic events on structural sustainability and its major aspects are described. It is then followed by an overview of the fundamentals of smart material’s behaviour and properties. Finally, after a comprehensive review of the most recent applications of smart materials in structures, the influence of their deployment on sustainability issues is discussed. The findings of this study are intended to assist researchers in properly addressing sustainability considerations in any research and implementation of smart materials by establishing a more explicit relationship between these two concepts.
Highlights
Studies have widely emphasised on waste generation, environmental degradation, global warming, and economic growth as major issues confronting humanity [1,2]
Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) commonly exist in two crystalline forms: the firmer austenite state, which is stable at higher temperatures and lower stresses, and the weaker martensite state, which is stable at lower temperatures and higher stresses
After investigating the methodologies and findings of the preceding research, based on the literature review, it is reasonable to conclude that the use of smart materials enhances structural performance adequately
Summary
Studies have widely emphasised on waste generation, environmental degradation, global warming, and economic growth as major issues confronting humanity [1,2]. Adopting ecofriendly materials in the design of a building or structure does not ensure its profitability because addressing environmental issues alone will not result in sufficient sustainability. They must correspond with economic and social considerations [17]. The authors suggested a generic methodology for deploying smart materials based on the evaluation of sustainability aspects Such a generic algorithm would enable civil engineers to obtain a broader view on how to use these sorts of materials; the authors are conscious that this framework must be implemented depending on many aspects in each given structural design system
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