Sustainability Analysis of The Upper Citarum Watershed Based on Water quality, Water quantity, and Landuse Indicators

Abstract

River is one of the surface water resources used to meet people’s need for daily clean water. Along with the population growth, problems related to waste produced are also increasing and causing environmental pollution, including river water pollution. River sustainability is one of the issues that has attracted the attention of various institutions, one of which is the Citarum River which is one of the sources of raw water for people in West Java. In this study, analysis of the sustainability condition from the upstream of the Citarum watershed was carried out in terms of three indicators, namely water quality, water quantity, and land use. The study was conducted using water quality data at four monitoring points, river water discharge, and land use maps around the upstream of the Citarum watershed. The three types of data were processed separately where water quality data were used to determine the status of water quality using the CCME WQI method, river water discharge data were used to calculate the River Regime Coefficient (RRC) value, and land use data were used to calculate the Land Cover Index (LCI). The index values obtained from each calculation were then analyzed and combined into one value for the Upper Citarum Sustainability Index (UCSI) using the composite index method. The results of this study found that the values of UCSI in the period of April – September 2014 are 0.442; 0.419; 0.415; and 0.403. All these values are categorized in the sub-sustainability class with the interpretation that some of the river functions are slightly damaged. The UCSI value also tends to decrease from time to time towards the un-sustainability class with water quality being the indicator that plays the most role in decreasing the UCSI value in this study.