Abstract
Electromagnetic (EM) waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) exhibit phase vortex and amplitude singularity. Broadband OAM generation with high efficiency is highly desired with suggested applications such as broadband imaging and communications. In this paper, suspended metasurface structure achieving low-Q factor is proposed to realize broadband phase control and excellent reflection efficiency. Broadband vortex beam generation with OAM order of 1 and 2 are realized using the proposed suspended structure. Furthermore, by analyzing different metasurface aperture phase distribution schemes, the efficiency of the OAM generator is maximally achieved. The designs are validated by simulation and measurement. The proposed OAM generators work across 4–10 GHz with efficiency higher than 82%. This design provides a route to broadband metasurface realization and high efficiency OAM generation.
Highlights
Vortex beams refer to the orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying EM waves with phase vortex and amplitude singularity in the propagating direction
For metasurface with continuous aperture phase distribution reflecting beams with OAM order of 1, the efficiency is higher than 92% across the band
The efficiencies are generally lower for the OAM order of 2 case
Summary
Vortex beams refer to the OAM carrying EM waves with phase vortex and amplitude singularity in the propagating direction. The potential applications in imaging [2,3,4] and communication [5,6,7,8] are proposed along with particle manipulating [9,10], spin detection [11], and so on The foundation of these applications is the vortex beam source. The vortex generation efficiencies related to these phase distribution schemes are, to the best of the author’s knowledge, not studied before. The vortex generation efficiencies related to2thoef 1s0e phase distribution schemes are, to the best of the author's knowledge, not studied before. TThheeppaattteerrnnoof fththeeprporpoopsoesdedmemtaestuasrufarcfeacuenuitncietllceisllsihsoswhnowinnFinguFrieg1u,rwe h1e, rwe htheerebltuhee rbelpureesrepnrtsesseunbtstsrautbestFr4aBte-TFM4B2-TwMit2h wεrith= 6ε.15=a6n.1d5tandδ =ta0n.δ00=250.00T2h5e. yTehleloywelrloepwrerseepnrtescsoepnptsercowpipthera wthiitchknaetshsiockf 0n.e0s3s5omf m0..03T5hemumni.tTchelel iusnciotmceplol siesdcomf IpsohsaepdedofmIestahlappreidntemdeotanl aprthininteldayoenraofthsiunblsatyraetreo, fwshuibcshtriastseu, swphenicdheids fsruosmpetnhdeerdeflfreocmtivtehme reetafllelcatyiveer matetthael lbaoytetormat bthyeabnoatitrogmapb.yTahneadiretgaailpe.dTgheeodmeettariyleodf gtheeomdeestirgynoifstahsefdolelsoiwgns:ips a=s1f5o.l6l7owmsm: p, a==157.6874 mm, ba == 97..7894mmmm,,cb==19.0.789mmmm, ,dc==11.4.078mmmm, h, d==0.15.147mmmm, g, =h 7=.60.m51mm. mTh,egh=ei7g.6htmanmd. pTehreiohdeiicgithyt oafntdhepeurnioitdciceiltlyiso8f.t1h1emumnit(c0e.1ll9i×s 8λ.1)1anmdm15(0.6.179m×mλ)(a0n.3d6 1×5.λ6)7rmesmpe(c0t.i3v6el×y,λw) rheesrpeeλctisvethlye, wwahveerleenλgitshthaet cwenavtreallefnrgetqhuaetnceyn7trGalHfzre. quency 7 GHz
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