Abstract
Spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931), Diptera, Drosophilidae) management is difficult mainly because of its short generation time, polyphagy and serrated ovipositor, but also because its larvae can pupate in the orchard soil and are thus protected from insecticide applications. We hypothesized that insect-pathogenic soil fungi could successfully infect Drosophila suzukii pupae in soil environment. We tested several entomopathogenic or soil fungi against pupae in a) conidia-spiked soil, b) via direct applications of conidia, and c) by dipping pupae into conidial suspensions. Metarhizium brunneum Petch strain H.J.S. 1154 significantly reduced fly emergence in conidia spiked soil and bioinsecticide Naturalis (based on entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. in direct exposure tests. Our attempt to determine IC50 of pupal hatching rate by dipping D. suzukii pupae into conidial suspensions was unsuccessful. We conclude that the pupal stage is probably too brief to allow entomopathogens to cause a significant reduction of fly emergence. According to our results and published articles, the fungal biocontrol potential would probably best be evaluated in spray applications against adult flies.
Highlights
Spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931), Diptera, Drosophilidae) management is difficult mainly because of its short generation time, polyphagy and serrated ovipositor, and because its larvae can pupate in the orchard soil and are protected from insecticide applications
V domači strokovni literaturi sta o škodljivcu in možnih načinih njegovega zatiranja že pisala Bohinčeva in Trdan (2014)
Poskus smo izvajali v enakih razmerah kot smo gojili mušice
Summary
Preskušali smo glive Metarhizium brunneum Petch (izolata H.J.S. 1154 in 1868), Trichoderma atroviride Bissett (izolat 1873), Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers (izolat 1884), in Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (izolata 2121 and 2122). Preskušali smo glive Metarhizium brunneum Petch (izolata H.J.S. 1154 in 1868), Trichoderma atroviride Bissett (izolat 1873), Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers (izolat 1884), in Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. V poskusih smo konidije dodajali testnemu substratu v vodni suspenziji. Glive smo gojili ter preverili viabilnost konidijev, kot je opisano v Razinger in sod. Bioinsekticid Laser 240 SC (a.s. spinosad, 22,75 % w/w, Dow Agrosciences, Dunaj, Avstrija) smo uporabili kot pozitivno kontrolo. Bioinsekticid Naturalis (a.s. B. bassiana, 2,3 x 107 CFU ml-1, Andermatt biocontrol AG, Grossdietwil, Švica) smo uporabili kot referenčni biotični pripravek. Neionski detergent Tween 80 (0,1 %) smo uporabili kot negativno kontrolo
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