Susceptibility of organ of Corti with or without melanin to acoustic overstimulation

Abstract

Albino and pigmented guinea pigs were compared in terms of susceptibility to acoustic trauma. The animals were exposed to a 4 kHz pure tone of 120 dB for 60 min. N1 thresholds of CAP were measured before and after the acoustic exposure. Changes in the outer hair cell and stria vascularis were studied using SEM and TEM. After acoustic trauma, N1 thresholds were more elevated in the albino than in the pigmented guinea pigs. Also, pathological changes in the outer hair cell and stria vascularis were more severe in the albino animals. A noteworthy finding in the stria vascularis was that the melanin in intermediate cells had moved into marginal cells. This melanin migration may be possibly involved in mechanisms underlying prevention of acoustic trauma.