Abstract
Livestock waste-based products, such as composted manure, are often used in crop production systems. The products’ microbial characteristics differ depending on animal waste treatment methods used (e.g., biogas production/composting). The question remains whether different livestock waste-based products differently impact soil microbiota. A pot experiment with five treatments (control, chemical fertilizer, digestate + chemical fertilizer, wheat straw compost + chemical fertilizer, and woodchip compost + chemical fertilizer) was conducted to compare the survival rates of microbial communities from digestate and composted manure, after their application to agricultural soil. Potatoes were planted in each pot. The changes in soil pH, the concentration of ammonium and nitrate, and the microbial community properties were monitored after 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of the application of livestock waste-based products. The application of composted manure, especially woodchip compost, showed a relatively more extensive impact on the soil microbial community structure than the other treatments. Woodchip compost contained a relatively more abundant and diverse bacterial community than digestate, and its family-level bacterial community structure was similar to that of the soil. These characteristics might determine the extent of the impact of livestock waste-based products on soil microbial communities. Digestate markedly influenced the inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soils but did not affect the soil microbial community. In conclusion, the survival rate of microbes of livestock waste-based products varies depending on the product type. Further investigation is needed to fully understand their impact on soils’ microbial functions.
Highlights
Livestock waste-based products, such as composted manure, are often used in crop production systems. e products’ microbial characteristics differ depending on animal waste treatment methods used. e question remains whether different livestock waste-based products differently impact soil microbiota
Potatoes were planted in each pot. e changes in soil pH, the concentration of ammonium and nitrate, and the microbial community properties were monitored after 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of the application of livestock waste-based products. e application of composted manure, especially woodchip compost, showed a relatively more extensive impact on the soil microbial community structure than the other treatments
The use of composted manure is recognized as beneficial because it increases soil organic matter content and decreases soil bulk density to mitigate the soil compaction issue [9]. e application of composted manure results in an increase in soil pH, electrical conductivity, and plantavailable P and NO3−-N concentrations [10,11,12]. us, similar to chemical fertilizers, livestock waste-based products have some merits on the soil chemical properties, but the most important difference between chemical fertilizers
Summary
Livestock waste-based products, such as composted manure, are often used in crop production systems. e products’ microbial characteristics differ depending on animal waste treatment methods used (e.g., biogas production/composting). e question remains whether different livestock waste-based products differently impact soil microbiota. E changes in soil pH, the concentration of ammonium and nitrate, and the microbial community properties were monitored after 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of the application of livestock waste-based products. Livestock waste is often applied to agricultural soils as livestock waste-based products such as composted manure and anaerobic digestate, the byproduct of biogas systems. Within studies on the soil microbiological properties after the application of livestock waste-based products, many focused on functional genes, such as antibiotic resistance genes [20,21,22], N-cycle-related genes [23,24,25], enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, nitrate reductase, β-glucosidase, and hydrolase; [26,27,28]), and microbial growth [29]. A few studies compared microbial communities between livestock waste-based products and soils (after their application) to have some idea on the survival of microbes from livestock waste in soils. A few studies compared microbial communities between livestock waste-based products and soils (after their application) to have some idea on the survival of microbes from livestock waste in soils. us, to grasp the whole picture of the interaction between the two microbial communities, further studies are needed based on the evaluation of microbial communities in both the sources and the target
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