Abstract
We examined the survival of sclerotia and conidia produced by Aspergillus flavus var. flavus and A. flavus var. parasiticus that were buried at a depth of 10-12 cm for up to 36 mo (October 1986 to October 1989) in sandy field soils near Kilbourne, Illinois, or Tifton, Georgia. Substantial losses of conidial inoculum were recorded after the first year of burial in Georgia and after the second year of burial in Illinois. Conidia of A. f. parasiticus survived for longer periods in soil than did conidia of A. f. flavus. Most sclerotia from eight A. flavus strains were viable at the conclusion of the experiment (Illinois, 77-99% viability; Georgia, 68-100% viability), as measured by colony growth of A. flavus on potato dextrose agar. None of these sclerotia, however, germinated sporogenically on sand in moist chambers. Production of large numbers of fungal propagules in the soil suggested that some of the sclerotia varied according to strain and location; numbers were maximum after the first growing season. Fungal colonization of A. flavus sclerotia buries in Georgia was dominated by Paecilomyces lilacinus; in Illinois the sclerotia were colonized most frequently by P. lilacinus and Periconia macrospinosa.
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