Survival of corneal grafts after severe burns of the eye

Abstract

The authors investigated 32 human corneal buttons of patients suffering from severe eye burns. The keratoplasties were performed in different periods after the burn and collected within five years. Grafts were followed-up until they failed because of ulceration or until rehabilitating keratoplasties were performed. Early (up to six months after the burn) and late (more than 12 months after the burn) obtained corneas showed different cellular reactions in the corneal stroma. Inflammatory cells such as granulocytes and lymphocytes decreased with increasing periods after the burn. More than 12 months after the burn, minor inflammatory cellular reactions but increasing scar formation could be found. Four out of 19 early-, two out of eight intermediate- (between six and 12 months after the burn) and one of the late performed keratoplasties failed and had to be replaced by new corneal grafts. Due to the conditions in the graft beds the explanted corneal grafts showed a cellular reaction in the stroma comparable to the previously explanted burnt corneae. Further complications occurred because of problems concerning the ocular surface. After preliminary therapeutical keratoplasties rehabilitating keratoplasties could be successfully performed in four cases between 19 and 39 months.