Abstract
Abstract Chinook salmon fry (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) were exposed in fresh water to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 mg/L benzalkonium chloride for 1 hour. Although mortalities occurred at 2.0 mg/L, the commonly recommended therapeutic level, no histopathological gill damage was observed until 3.0 mg/L had been reached. At concentrations higher than 3.0 mg/L gill damage was severe, and no fish survived exposure to levels greater than 4.0 mg/L. The results indicate that products containing benzalkonium chloride should not be used to combat gill disease problems among juvenile chinook.
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