Survival and Persistence of Alternaria dauci in Carrot Cropping Systems.

Abstract

Alternaria dauci was recovered in California from carrot crop residue and from volunteer carrot plants in fallow carrot fields. The fungus was not recovered from common weeds surrounding fallow fields. To evaluate further the survival of A. dauci on carrot crop residue, infected carrot leaf tissue was placed in fields or in soil in greenhouse pots, and recovered over time. In California, A. dauci was recovered from infected leaf tissue in both fallow and irrigated fields for as long as 1 year. In Florida, A. dauci was recovered from infected leaf tissue in fallow fields for up to 30 weeks. In greenhouse experiments, A. dauci was recovered from infected leaf tissue for as long as 1 year in dry soil, but only up to 30 weeks in soil that was watered weekly. To determine the infectivity of A. dauci borne on carrot crop residue, infected carrot crops were incorporated into organic and mineral field soils, and soil samples were collected over time. Carrot seed were planted in collected soil, and seedling infection by A. dauci was recorded. Seedling infection was detected up to 13 and 14 weeks after crop incorporation in organic and mineral soil, respectively. Seedling infection was detected for up to 5 weeks in soil that remained dry compared with 3 weeks in flooded soil.