Abstract
Most studies of hen survival of eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) have been of short duration ( 0.05). During years of high survival, survival rates of NRA and RA hens did not differ (P > 0.05). Preincubation and fall-winter interval survival rates did not differ within years (P > 0.05). Predation was the primary mortality factor, whereas illegal kill was low. Nesting hens experienced higher predation than NRA hens during years of low (P = 0.009) and medium survival (P < 0.021). Survival cost of reproduction associated with nesting was low but unknown for brood-rearing hens.
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