Abstract
Power generation, distribution, transmission, and consumption face ongoing challenges such as smart grid management, control, and operation, resulting from high energy demand, the diversity of energy sources, and environmental or regulatory issues. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain-based solutions for smart grid management, control, and operations. We systematically summarize existing work on the use and implementation of blockchain technology in various smart grid domains. The paper compares related reviews and highlights the challenges in the management, control, and operation for a blockchain-based smart grid as well as future research directions in the five categories: collaboration among stakeholders; data analysis and data management; control of grid imbalances; decentralization of grid management and operations; and security and privacy. All these aspects have not been covered in previous reviews.
Highlights
We summarize existing work on the use of blockchain technology in various smart grid domains
This paper systematically explores blockchainbased applications for the management, control, and operation of smart grid systems
The paper focuses on non-financial applications of blockchain in the energy sector and divides the challenges into five main categories: stakeholder collaboration, grid imbalance, data management and operations, decentralization of grid operations, and security and privacy
Summary
With more and more applications and technological advances, IoT and other poweroperated devices are on the rise. To meet the energy demand, numerous small- and largescale power generation and distribution solutions have been tested worldwide. The demand for sustainable and renewable energy in all sectors of society is forcing power generation to be versatile. The requirements for a future energy system are driven by three key principles—Decarbonization, Decentralization, and Digitalization [1]—that provide the framework for the European Commission’s Energy Union Package [2]. The emergence of low-voltage power generation and distribution systems leads to the concept of Internet of Energy (IoE) [3]. The development of IoE has several advantages
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