Abstract
Abstract Since the approval of the Brazilian Federal Technical Assistance Law, whose objective is to guarantee adequate technical assistance to the residents of poor areas to improve their homes, several municipalities have implemented programs, not always successful, to improve housing in slums. Aiming to subsidize these programs implementation workflow, the present paper analyses use of drones as a tool to gather information about the physical characteristics slum households in Salvador de Bahia city, Brazil. As an experiment we flight over a single census sector within the Alto das Pombas slum, and after image processing we extracted and organized the collected data, extracting the possible information that could be applied to identify and quantify the most precarious houses that could be prioritized from a health improvement perspective. We conclude that many of the necessary data needed, on the urbanistic scale in Brazilian slums, can benefit from drone photogrammetry at low cost and fast execution.
Highlights
The rapid growth of urban centres and difficult access to land and adequate housing are two of the main factors explaining the significant increase of people living in slums in developing countries
The present paper aims to identify the physical characteristics of the dwellings using drone imagery in one selected census sector classified as a slum in Levantamento de Informações Territoriais (LIT) and test the generated data and its feasibility to subsidise the planning of housing improvement programmes
Returning to the initial idea of comparability and compatibility between the data from LIT and the drone data, two important points can be emphasised: 1. There is a complementary scale of information between the two data sources
Summary
The rapid growth of urban centres and difficult access to land and adequate housing are two of the main factors explaining the significant increase of people living in slums in developing countries. Remote sensing (RS), especially satellite imagery, appears as a free data source for collecting and organising information on informal settlements and their management, its limited spatial resolution can often be an obstacle given the complexity of precarious occupations, as it is not able to delineate buildings, capture verticalization processes, map internal infrastructure in detail, or describe local environmental conditions necessary for urbanisation projects In this context, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or popularly known as drones, have recently been deployed around the world, especially in countries such as Asia and Africa where informal land occupation is much more pronounced and where there is little official information on settlements. Other examples show collaboration between local governments, the third sector and Universities, such as the African slums of Agatare in Rwanda and Tandale in Tanzania, financed by the World Bank
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