Survey of brucellosis in goats using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) methods in Gunungkidul district, special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Brucella melitensis is a major human and animal pathogen, with a wide host range that includes all domestic ruminant species, although small ruminants are its preferred hosts. Our objectives were to estimate the seroprevalence of Brucella sp. in goats and to identify some risk factors associated with goat seropositivity in Gunungkidul District, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gunungkidul District. A total of 260 serum samples from 18 sub-districts were analyzed using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) by series. In addition, a questionnaire with 36 variables related to animal demographics, farm management and biosecurity systems were completed for every goat farm. The seroprevalence of Brucella sp. in goats, based on twenty-five seropositive animals in Gunungkidul District, was 9.6% (25/260) and 19.2% (20/104) at the farm level. Crosstabulations using chi-square or Fisher exact test for association between risk factor variables and Brucella sp. seropositivity showed that the farms which had another animal (dog) on their farms were statistically significant associations (P_value < 0.05). Parallel testing using RBT and CFT were required to ascertain the status of the animal infection. Vaccination program could be one option to prevent and control Brucellosis in Gunungkidul District.