Abstract
BackgroundStudies have shown that the effects of particulate matter on health vary based on factors including the vulnerability of the population, health care practices, exposure factors, and the pollutant mix.MethodsWe used time-stratified case-crossover to estimate differences in the short-term impacts of PM2.5 on cardiovascular disease hospital admissions in New York State by geographic area, year, age, gender, co-morbid conditions, and area poverty rates.ResultsPM2.5 had a stronger impact on heart failure than other cardiovascular diagnoses, with 3.1% of heart failure admissions attributable to short-term PM2.5 exposure over background levels of 5 ug/m3. Older adults were significantly more susceptible to heart failure after short-term ambient PM2.5 exposure than younger adults.ConclusionThe short-term impact of PM2.5 on cardiovascular disease admissions, and modifications of that impact, are small and difficult to measure with precision. Multi-state collaborations will be necessary to attain more precision to describe spatiotemporal differences in health impacts.
Highlights
Numerous studies have shown an adverse relationship between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular health [1,2]
Using two Federal Reference Method Monitors (FRMs) monitors with daily measurements, we developed a model for the FRM/Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) relationship based on every third day of data to apply to all 20 monitors
The largest cumulative effect was observed for heart failure admissions; the risk was significantly increased for lags 0 to 2
Summary
Numerous studies have shown an adverse relationship between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular health [1,2]. The short-term impact, which can be measured using readily available health outcome and air pollution data, has been shown to vary by region, with cardiovascular risks higher in counties located in the Eastern U.S [3]. These geographic differences may be related to differences in the demographic composition and health status of the populations, exposure factors, and the pollutant mix [4,5,6,7]. Studies have shown that the effects of particulate matter on health vary based on factors including the vulnerability of the population, health care practices, exposure factors, and the pollutant mix
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