Abstract
Rabies causes more than 59,000 deaths each year worldwide with 95% of cases in Africa and Asia. It is endemic in most of African countries and 99% of human rabies cases are dog mediated. This study aimed to review data on animal rabies surveillance and factors associated with dogs’ rabies in Burkina Faso from 2008 to 2012. Data on submitted samples for analysis using Fluorescent Anti-body Test and confirmed cases in animals were obtained from the National Livestock Laboratory. These data were associated with the geographical regions where the samples originated, species and years. For dogs, data on age, sex, dogs’ ownership and vaccination status have also been collected. From 2008 to 2012, 1352 animal samples were analyzed for rabies confirmation with an average of 315 samples by year. Canine rabies was most suspected with 90% of positive samples. On overall, 77.3% of samples were positive and the highest positive percentage was found during 2012 (89.8%). Rabies was confirmed in donkeys (100%), dogs (78.2%), cats (77.3%), monkeys (53.8%), shrews (50%), and rodents (35.3%). Regarding dog’s rabies, positive samples were also found among vaccinated dogs and the highest positive percentage (91%) was in 2012.These findings demonstrate that rabies is widely distributed in animal species in Burkina Faso and dogs’ vaccination against rabies must be followed seriously as possible vaccine fail occurs after vaccination.
Highlights
Rabies is a tropical neglected zoonosis with high public health and economic importance
Overview of Suspected Case of Animal Rabies Received at LNE from 2008 to 2012
The region of origin, animal rabies cases were confirmed in all regions with most of cases coming from Center region (Fig. 1)
Summary
Rabies is a tropical neglected zoonosis with high public health and economic importance. It causes around 59,000 human deaths worldwide each year with 36.4% located in Africa and 8.6 billion USD economic losses annually (Hampson et al 2015). Rabies transmission occurs through saliva or infected neural tissue via bite wounds or open cuts in the skin or mucous membrane (Singh et al 2017). Non-bite exposure methods are inhalation, organ transplants and contamination of abrasions, open wounds, mucous membranes with rabies virus laden saliva or with infectious material such as brain tissue from a rabid animal (Lu et al 2018; Pantha et al 2020)
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