Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution With Adaptive Multisubspace Search for Large-Scale Expensive Optimization

Abstract

Real-world industrial engineering optimization problems often have a large number of decision variables. Most existing large-scale evolutionary algorithms need a large number of function evaluations to achieve high-quality solutions. However, the function evaluations can be computationally intensive for many of these problems, particularly, which makes large-scale expensive optimization challenging. To address this challenge, surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms based on the divide-and-conquer strategy have been proposed and shown to be promising. Following this line of research, we propose a surrogate-assisted differential evolution algorithm with adaptive multi-subspace search for large-scale expensive optimization to take full advantage of the population and the surrogate mechanism. The proposed algorithm constructs multi-subspace based on principal component analysis and random decision variable selection, and searches adaptively in the constructed subspaces with three search strategies. The experimental results on a set of large-scale expensive test problems have demonstrated its superiority over three state-of-the-art algorithms on the optimization problems with up to 1000 decision variables.