Abstract
Subungual osteochondroma (SO) is an infrequent and non-malignant bone tumour of the distal phalanx, especially prominent in paediatric populations. The aim of this research was to describe a case series of paediatric feet with SO which received surgical treatments. The secondary purpose was to compare these descriptive data by sex distribution. Methods: Twenty-three paediatric feet with SO confirmed by clinical or radiological features received surgical treatment. Socio-demographic (age, sex, height, weight and BMI) and clinical features (side, location, tumour or pain presence, and nail lift before surgery, as well as recurrence and adverse effects at one month after intervention) were reported. Results: Regarding clinical features before intervention, the most frequent locations of SO were the first toe (86.8%) and the right lower limb (56.5%). In addition, the presence of the tumour, pain and nail lift showed a prevalence of 91.3%, 69.5% and 47% of the study sample, respectively. Considering clinical features at one month after intervention, the most frequent adverse effect was the pain presence (69.5%). In addition, one case (4.4%) presented ulceration. Only one patient (4.4%) suffered from recurrence with a new tumour. There were not statistically significant differences by sex distribution (p > 0.05). Conclusions: This novel study showed that surgery treatment for SO in paediatric populations presented a very low recurrence degree with minor adverse effects and without differences by sex distribution. Thus, further randomized clinical trials should be carried out in order to determine the effectiveness of this intervention in this special population.
Highlights
Subungual osteochondroma (SO), named exostosis, is a projection bone within cartilage covering
Bone appears from endochondral ossification, where bone develops from fibrous tissue in subungual exostosis [1,2]
Parents and/or legal guardians gave their informed consent to the reporting of this case series study
Summary
Subungual osteochondroma (SO), named exostosis, is a projection bone within cartilage covering. A delayed diagnosis of the lesion seems to be common, appropriate treatment is not often rendered [5]. This condition is the most common non-malignant bone tumour and mainly affects pubescent and young adults, with a predilection in males [3,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Bone appears from endochondral ossification, where bone develops from fibrous tissue in subungual exostosis [1,2]
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