Surgical treatment of the spontaneous spinal epidural abscess

Abstract

Seven cases of spontaneous epidural abscess are reviewed. Three patients had posterior abscesses and no evidence of vertebral body osteomyelitis. These patients had excellent outcomes with laminectomies and antibiotics. Because of significant vertebral destruction, two patients with vertebral osteomyelitis required posterior fixation after laminectomy. Two other patients with vertebral osteomyelitis had complete destruction of the vertebral body and required anterior decompression and fusion in addition to posterior fixation. In the four patients with vertebral osteomyelitis, morbidity was high, reflecting their age and significant medical problems. This review supports the contention that medically stable patients with posterior epidural abscesses can be treated with laminectomy and antibiotics with little risk of progressive instability. The proper surgical treatment of anterior epidural abscesses secondary to osteomyelitis requires knowledge about the amount of destruction of the supporting columns, the amount of neural compression secondary to the purulence, and the patient's general medical condition.