Surgical treatment of the dento-maxillary anomalies in the sagittal plane

Abstract

Introduction. Orthognathic surgery involves all surgical interventions to correct musculoskeletal, dental and soft tissue deformities of the jaws, being the treatment method of choice for severe dento–maxillary anomalies, which cannot be rehabilitated by orthodontic treatment alone. The purpose. Evaluation of the particularities of diagnosis and treatment of patients with jaw anomalies in sagittal plane. Material and methods: 22 patients aged between 20 and 46 years, during the period 2016—2021. The surgical stage occurred in stationary conditions, and the clinical and paraclinical evaluation of the patients took place in dental clinic through photostatic examination, study models, radiological examination, intraoral scanning. Results: Predominance of patients with skeletal Class III (77.3%), compared to Class II (22,7%). Osteotomies used: Le Fort 1 for maxilla, osteotomy of the mandibular ramus Obwegeser — Dal Pont for the lower jaw and genioplasty for repositioning the chin. The unavoidable surgical trauma for the correct positioning of the jaws leads to intraoperative hemorrhages, hematomas and postoperative conditions acceptable from the point of view of the endured trauma. Conclusions. The orthodontic–surgical treatment is a safe method of rehabilitating patients with anomalies in sagittal plane, with postsurgical results superior to intraoperative risks and complications.