Surgical treatment of distal radius giant cell tumors

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical methods commonly used for the clinical treatment of giant cell tumors (GCT) of the distal radius. From 2010 to 2018, 32 patients with GCT of the distal radius who underwent surgical treatment were eligible for the study. Among them, 21 patients with available pathological results, complete imaging data and at least 18 months of follow-up were enrolled in the study. Eleven of the patients underwent en bloc resection and non-vascularized autologous fibula reconstruction (Group A), while 10 patients underwent microwave ablation, lesion curettage, and internal fixation with bone cement (Group B). Imaging was carried out to understand the effect of the surgical treatment and postoperative complications. Variables of interested included operation time and blood loss, preoperative and postoperative wrist joint mobility, and postoperative complications during follow-up. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in group A were higher than in group B, and the difference between groups was statistically significant. The wrist range of motion before and after surgery was statistically significant both in Group A and Group B (p < 0.05). The scale deviation and MSTS scores of group A were better than group B (p > 0.05), flexion, extension, radial deviation index in group B was better than group A (p < 0.05). By evaluating the postoperative functional outcomes of the operated wrist in the two groups, we found that both surgical methods are reliable for treating GCT of the distal radius, with satisfactory postoperative functional recovery and a low incidence of postoperative recurrence (only 1 of 10 patients in group B). The two surgical methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and provide surgeons with one more choice in the clinical context.