Surgical treatment of children with extensive bone defects (Literature review)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of extensive defects to bone tissue is one of the important problems of orthopedics and traumatology. Especially in acuteis, the problem is associated with the restoration of bone tissue in conditions of its deficiency in pediatric patients.
 AIM: The aim of the study is to analyze modern methods of surgical treatment in children with extensive bone tissue injuries based on the published literature.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our report presents a review of the literature of methods of surgical treatment of extensive bone defects. The literature search was carried out in several databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, E-library, GoogleScholar for the period from 2005 to 2020, using the keywords given below. As a result of the search, 105 foreign and 37 domestic sources were found. After exclusion, 56 articles were analyzed, all presented works were published in the last 15 years.
 RESULTS: The gold standard for replacing bone defects is still the use of autografts, including the use of technologies on a vascular pedicle. Various types of xenografts and allografts of bone tissue are increasingly being replaced by various kinds of synthetic implants.
 CONCLUSIONS: To date, there is no single generally accepted standard for the surgical treatment of extensive bone defects. The option of surgical treatment of extensive bone tissue defects using tissue-engineered bone implants with axial blood supply seems to be extremely interesting and promising.