Abstract
Neonatal hydrocephalus can arise from a multitude of disturbances, among them congenital aqueductal stenosis, myelomeningocele or posthemorrhagic complications in preterm infants. Diagnostic work-up comprises transfontanellar ultrasonography, T2 weighted MRI and clinical assessment for rare inherited syndromes. Classification of hydrocephalus and treatment guidelines is based on detailed consensus statements. The recent evidence favors catheter-based cerebrospinal fluid diversion in children below 6 months, but emerging techniques such as neuroendoscopic lavage carry the potential to lower shunt insertion rates. More long-term study results will be needed to allow for individualized, multidisciplinary decision making. This article gives an overview regarding contemporary pathophysiological concepts, the latest consensus statements and most recent technical developments.
Highlights
Hydrocephalus is a disbalance between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and resorption
Neonatal hydrocephalus can arise from a multitude of disturbances, among them congenital aqueductal stenosis, myelomeningocele or posthemorrhagic complications in preterm infants
Hydrocephalus is a disbalance between CSF production and resorption
Summary
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system provides mechanical protection of the brain against mild trauma, is involved in nutrient supply and waste removal, and plays a role in the circadian rhythm [1]. In humans it comprises 4 cavities in the brain, the ventricles, which normally take up about 20% of the CSF. The term “glymphatics” describes the heart-beat driven, pulsatile flow of CSF and interstitial fluid from the glial compartment to the recently reported lymphatic dural vessels [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
