Abstract
Liver allografts are less aggressively rejected than heart, kidney, skin and intestinal allograft transplantations. The spontaneous acceptance of liver allografts has been reported in pigs, rats, and mice [1–4] and has even been suggested in humans [5]. Rat orthotopic liver transplantation model has been utilized in transplantation research for decades; liver transplantation in mice has not been established until 1991 when we first reported technical success [6], mainly due to small size of mice resulting in difficulties of vascular anastomoses. However, there are several advantages of using mice in transplantation research. Other than commercial availability of hundreds of genetically well-defined inbred mouse strains, monoclonal antibodies, and other reagents, recent developed gene transgenic mice and gene knockout mice have become revolutionary tools in immunogenetics and transplantation researches.
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