Abstract
BackgroundPrimary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a congenital anomaly arising from an unusual development of the filtration angle, causing a remarkable rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) that is irrelevant to other ocular or systemic deformities.PurposeThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the surgical outcome in PCG patients between 2011 and February 2019.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of PCG patients who underwent trabeculotomy, trabeculectomy, deep sclerectomy, Ahmed valve, and/or cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) at a tertiary hospital. The IOP must be equal or less than 21 mmHg with or without medication to be designated a successful surgery.ResultsA total of 80 eyes (41 patients) were included in the study, with a slight male predominance of 65.9%. At presentation, the most reported age group was under 30 days (46.3%). Moreover, deep sclerotomy was the most common procedure, followed by CPC, which were performed in 48 (58.5%) and 18 (21.9%) eyes, respectively. In the overall group, the mean initial IOP was 23.65±8.52 mmHg, while the mean IOP was 16.73±8.56 mmHg at final follow-ups (p < 0.001), with a 46% reduction. The mean axial length showed a slight progression from 21.11±2.58 at the initial visit to 22.92±3.57 mm at the last follow-up (p<0.001). However, the mean horizontal diameter increased from 12.63±1.83 mm at the initial visit to 13.31±1.13 mm at the final visit (p=0.004).Conclusion An excellent IOP reduction could be accomplished in the majority of eyes. Deep sclerectomy can effectively reduce IOP in PCG without the occurrences of serious complications that are commonly seen after other procedures like trabeculectomy or trabeculotomy.
Highlights
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a congenital anomaly due to autosomal recessive inheritance, manifesting as an unusual development of the filtration angle, causing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) independently of other ocular or systemic disorders [1,2]
The mean initial IOP was 23.65±8.52 mmHg, while the mean IOP was 16.73±8.56 mmHg at final follow-ups (p < 0.001), with a 46% reduction
The mean horizontal diameter increased from 12.63±1.83 mm at the initial visit to 13.31±1.13 mm at the final visit (p=0.004)
Summary
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a congenital anomaly due to autosomal recessive inheritance, manifesting as an unusual development of the filtration angle, causing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) independently of other ocular or systemic disorders [1,2]. It is more common in Saudi Arabia due to a higher rate of consanguineous marriages and is responsible for 16% of childhood blindness [2,3,4]. Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a congenital anomaly arising from an unusual development of the filtration angle, causing a remarkable rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) that is irrelevant to other ocular or systemic deformities. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the surgical outcome in PCG patients between 2011 and February 2019
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