Surgical outcome of myelomeningocele repair associated with Chiari type II malformation

Abstract

Introduction: Meningomyelocele, more commonly known as spina bifida (open) is a congenital malformation of the central nervous system and is associated with significant morbidity. Myelomeningocele is a commonly seen congenital birth defect in children. The most common associations with myelomeningocele are hydrocephalus and ACM Type 2. Folic acid deficiency and parental consanguinity appear to play a major part in this type of congenital defects. Objectives: To analyse the clinical profile and outcome of surgery in cases of myelomeningocele associated with Arnold Chiari malformation II and hydrocephalus. Methods: A Retrospective Cohort study was done starting from January 2015 to January 2019 in the Department of Neurosurgery at SBKS Medical College. Total 18 patients with Myelomeningocele associated with Arnold Chiari malformation II and Hydrocephalus were analysed and evaluated. Follow up of cases was done for a minimum period of 6 months. Results: Out of 18 total cases, the majority of cases, i.e., 76.8%, had myelomeningocele with Chiari II malformation and hydrocephalus. Ratio of females to males was 1.14. Prenatal folic acid supplementation was missed amongst 80% of the cases. 16.6% cases had positive parental consanguinity. Mortality was seen in 2 cases due to post operative complications. Myelomeningocele (MMC)