Abstract
Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is a relatively uncommon and aggressive subset of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, which include typical and atypical carcinoid, and small-cell lung cancer. LCNEC of the lung accounts for no more than 1% of all lung cancers. LCNECs show features of high-grade neuroendocrine tumors and patients with LCNEC have a very poor prognosis. Twenty-five patients (22 males and 3 females; mean years 60.7; range 48 to 77 years) who underwent pulmonary resection for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma between January 2004 and December 2014 were investigated retrospectively. Type of surgery, pathologic TNM stage, adjuvant chemotherapy, time of recurrence, site of recurrence, response to treatment, and long-term results were evaluated. The longest patient follow-up period was 83 months. One-, two-, and three-year survival rates of these patients were, respectively, 80.95%, 76.47%, and 50%. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for early-stage LCNEC and chemotherapy after radical surgical treatment improves survival. Follow-up periods after surgery adjuvant chemotherapy will prevent recurrence and patients may survive for many years if complete surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy are possible.
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