Surgical management of insulinomas at the Azerbaijan Medical University: a retrospective study of 21 cases over a 10-year period

Abstract

Background/aim This study represents the first report that evaluates the experience gathered from diagnosis, surgical treatment and outcome of insulinoma patients from Azerbaijan.Materials and methods We retrospectively review of insulinoma patients for a 10-year period. Collected data included patient demographics, laboratory and imaging tests, detailed surgical reports, histopathological examination of resected specimens, and clinical follow-up.Results Twenty-one insulinoma patients were identified. Male patients comprised 52.4%; mean age was 44 years. Mean time to diagnosis was 14 months; 61% patients had ≥3 medical referrals due to hypoglycemia-related symptoms. Diagnosis sensitivity of CT, MRI and US was 85%, 80%, and 55%, respectively. The mean glucose, insulin, C-peptide levels were 35.7 ± 9.5 mg/dL, 33.5 ± 21.9 µU/mL, and 3.74 ± 1.88 ng/mL, respectively. Pancreatic head and tail were the most frequent tumor locations; mean tumor size was 1.5 ± 0.7 cm. No statistical association was found between the tumor size and preoperative glucose, C-peptide and insulin levels. Distal pancreatectomy and enucleation were the most common surgical procedures. Local tumor recurrence rate was 14%. There was no mortality.ConclusionsTo prevent delayed diagnoses, physicians should be familiar with the typical symptoms of these rare tumors.