Surgeon-performed ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in appendicitis

Abstract

Purpose Diagnosing appendicitis may require adjunct studies such as computed tomography or ultrasound (US). Combining a clinical examination with surgeon-performed US (SPUS) may increase diagnostic accuracy and decrease radiation exposure and costs. Methods A prospective study was conducted including children with a potential diagnosis of appendicitis. A surgery resident performed a clinical examination and US to make a diagnosis. Final diagnosis of appendicitis was confirmed by operative findings and pathology. Results were compared with radiology department US (RDUS) and a large randomized trial. Analysis was performed using Fisher exact test. Results Fifty-four patients were evaluated and underwent SPUS. Twenty-nine patients (54%) had appendicitis. Overall accuracy was 89%, with accuracy increasing from 85% to 93% between the 2 halves of the study. Radiology department US was performed on 21 patients before surgical evaluation, yielding an accuracy of 81%. Surgeon-performed US on those 21 patients yielded an accuracy of 90%. No statistical differences were found between any groups ( P > .05). Conclusion Accuracy of SPUS was similar to RDUS and that of a large prospective randomized trial performed by radiologists. Furthermore, when the same clinician performs the clinical examination and US, a high level of accuracy can be achieved. With this degree of accuracy, SPUS may be used as a primary diagnostic tool and computed tomography reserved for challenging cases, limiting costs, and radiation exposure.