Abstract
Quick Nozzle Mixing is a technique to overcome the contradictory rheological requirements of buildability and pumpability in 3D concrete printing. The challenge is to achieve a uniform mix in a short mix time. This work presents the mechanism of the mixing process in concrete and investigates the properties of mixing water containing five surfactants. The fresh and hardened properties of concretes made with these surfactants are analyzed. Results show that these surfactants play dominant roles in mixing efficiency, dependent on the mixing duration. These surfactants are ranked according to decreasing wettability as follows: Sodium dodecyl sulphate, Saponified rosin (SR), polyarylether, polycarboxylicether (PCE) and naphthalene sulphonate. These printable concretes mixed with 0.8 wt% PCE for 60 s and SR for 30 s exhibited high levels of homogeneity. The mechanical deterioration due to air incorporation was also discussed.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
