Abstract
AbstractColloidal anisotropic gold nanocrystals play a central role in the field of plasmonics owing to their tunable optical activity across a wide spectral range. However, achieving sufficient optical quality for practical implementation requires advanced synthetic protocols yielding gold nanocrystals with the desired morphology and plasmonic properties. This Minireview focuses on a fundamental step during the growth of anisotropic nanocrystals, namely symmetry breaking. In connection with thermodynamic and kinetic control of nanocrystal growth, we discuss the complex interplay between the role of seed morphology and that of surfactants, shape‐directing additives and reducing agents. We revisit some iconic syntheses of anisotropic gold nanoparticles, including nanorods, nanotriangles, and nanobipyramids. Finally, we analyze the use of co‐surfactants as an emerging strategy to disconnect the symmetry breaking event from the anisotropic growth process, overcoming current limitations in the synthesis of anisotropic gold nanocrystals.
Highlights
Control over light emission processes and light-matter interactions holds transformative implications for the realization of next-generation technologies such as ultra-small light sources, quantum-computing, and advanced optoelectronic and optomechanical devices.[1]
Among various available fabrication strategies, surfactant-based wet chemistry methods provide access to a wide variety of morphologies. This minireview focuses on the role of surfactants assisting symmetry breaking during the synthesis of anisotropic gold nanocrystals
The extent of the thermodynamic control normally exerted by surfactants on symmetry breaking and anisotropic growth, depends on the nature of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups
Summary
Control over light emission processes and light-matter interactions holds transformative implications for the realization of next-generation technologies such as ultra-small light sources, quantum-computing, and advanced optoelectronic and optomechanical devices.[1]. E., for anisotropic plasmonic structures.[5] In this regard, gold nanoparticles can be produced in different shapes, from nanospheres to nanorods and nanostars, using reproducible and scalable protocols, with tunable plasmon bands from ~ 500 nm to beyond 2000 nm.[6,11] Among various available fabrication strategies, surfactant-based wet chemistry methods provide access to a wide variety of morphologies. Gold nanoparticles can be produced in different shapes, from nanospheres to nanorods and nanostars, using reproducible and scalable protocols, with tunable plasmon bands from ~ 500 nm to beyond 2000 nm.[6,11] Among various available fabrication strategies, surfactant-based wet chemistry methods provide access to a wide variety of morphologies This minireview focuses on the role of surfactants assisting symmetry breaking during the synthesis of anisotropic gold nanocrystals. We intend this minireview to offer a different angle toward understanding symmetry breaking phenomena in gold nanocrystals, which will foster new ideas and research in the field
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