Surfactant Protein D Level in Cement Workers

Abstract

Background: Pneumoconiosis occurs almost all in entire worldwide. Pneumoconiosis had threatened cement workers. Serologic abnormalities had found in pneumoconiosis. Surfactant Protein D (SP-D) levels increased in silica exposed workers. Surfactant Protein D (SP-D) may be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis but it has not yet been studied in Indonesia.Method: This is a cross-sectional study and was done by consecutive sampling. The total subject was 61, consisting of 44 cement exposed workers and 17 control from September 2017–March 2018. Serum level of SP-D was measured by ELISA method. Cement exposed workers are a worker in the production area in workers in quarry areas.Results: This study found that total characteristic subjects were male 100% and mean of age was 42.5 years old, the youngest and oldest subject was 21 and 55 years old, respectively. Normal weight group's greatest number was found in 21 subjects (47.7%), followed by overweight 12 subjects (22.3%), obese 8 subjects (18.2%), and underweight 1 subject (2.3%). Based on a history of smoking, this study found that 26 subjects (59.1%) had never smoked, 12 subjects (27.3%) as smokers, and 6 subjects (13.6%) as former smokers. Duration of exposure <10 years was found in 9 subjects (20.5%) and duration of exposure ≥10 years was found in 35 subjects (79.5%) with using self-respiratory safety instrument as good categorical 5 subjects (11.4%), moderate categorical 36 subjects (81.8%) and poor in quality categorical 3 subjects were found (6.8%). Mean of serum SP-D levels in exposed group was found that 111.027 ng/ml and mean of serum SP-D levels in control group was found that 67.648 ng/ml. Levels of serum SP-D were significantly higher in exposed group than control group (p-value=0.014).Conclusion: Comparison serum SP-D levels between exposed group and control group statistically higher in exposed group than control group.