Abstract
Purpose: Estriol (ERL) is a type of hormone among the groups of estrogen hormone that was detected through the voltammetric technique by constructing an electrochemical sensor based on the octoxynol-9 modified graphite paste electrode (OXL-9MGPE). Methods: Using the strategy of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with a bare graphite paste electrode (BGPE) immobilized with OXL-9, ERL electro-oxidation has been assessed in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 6.0. The fabricated electrode has substantial electrochemical sensing efficiency, and the ERL oxidation at the OXL-9MGPE was the irreversible process. The surface morphological characteristics of BGPE and OXL-9MGPE were differentiated with the help of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Results: The impact of various factors such as scan rate, pH, reproducibility, repeatability, and stability on the electro-oxidation of ERL was evaluated. Techniques of CV and DPV were utilized to determine ERL, dopamine (DAN), and uric acid (URA) simultaneously with the projected sensor. The peak current was varied with ERL concentration in the range from 4×10-5 to 1.2×10-4 M at OXL-9MGPE. From this, the detection limit 1.4×10 -6 M and limit of quantification (LOQ) 4.7×10-6 M have been attained. Conclusion: As a result, OXL-9MGPE was successfully achieved as an electrochemical detector for the electro analysis of ERL via the CV technique.
Highlights
Estrogens are the hormones present in the ovarian follicles of premenopausal women, ERL has become one of the three principal estrogens produced during pregnancy, and it is secreted mainly by the placenta.[1,2,3] It is regarded as one of the essential steroid estrogen, that adversely affects the reproductive and sexual functioning and bone structure
Estriol (ERL) is a type of hormone among the groups of estrogen hormone that was detected through the voltammetric technique by constructing an electrochemical sensor based on the octoxynol-9 modified graphite paste electrode (OXL-9MGPE)
Using the strategy of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with a bare graphite paste electrode (BGPE) immobilized with OXL-9, ERL electro-oxidation has been assessed in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 6.0
Summary
Estrogens are the hormones present in the ovarian follicles of premenopausal women, ERL has become one of the three principal estrogens (estriol [ERL], estradiol, estrone) produced during pregnancy, and it is secreted mainly by the placenta.[1,2,3] It is regarded as one of the essential steroid estrogen, that adversely affects the reproductive and sexual functioning and bone structure. ERL oral tablets were used for the diagnosis of local urogenital problems in postmenopausal women, and it is used to treat the estrogen deficiency symptoms such as sexual disorder.[4,5,6] ERL is found to be an organic contaminant in the environmental water, and it is considered as endocrine disrupting chemical, which affects by interfering with the function of hormones in the body and results to various diseases.[7,8]. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) is electrochemical techniques in which a redox system can be considered.[18,19,20,21]
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