Abstract
A Li+-OH− exfoliation system was designed to prepare graphene in water without surfactants or sonication. Due to the positive charge transferred from intercalating Li+ ions to adjacent C atoms, OH− could add on the graphene sheets and further promote their affinity to water, resulting in efficient exfoliation of graphene in water. The as-prepared graphene concentration was up to 0.09 mg·mL−1, and sheet sizes range from 1 to 2 μm. Detailed characterizations revealed the formation of high-quality and few-layer graphene sheets and confirmed the addition of hydroxyl groups on graphene sheets during exfoliation. This strategy has potential in scalable production of graphene in aqueous phase.
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