Abstract
Absolute configuration of 3-hydroxy fatty acids in serrawettins, surface-active exolipids produced by Serratia marcescens, was elucidated by chiral column high-performance liquid chromatography. 3,5-Dinitroaniline or 3,5-dinitrophenyl urethane derivatives of hydroxy fatty acids were directly prepared from crude hydrolysates of the lipids and eluted separately through chiral columns (Enantio P2 or OA-3100) with specific eluents. In both serrawettin W1 and W2, d-3-hydroxydecanoic acid was determined as a major acyl group accompanied by a minor component d-3-hydroxy-dodecanoic acid. Many mutants defective in the production of serrawettins were isolated through screening by direct colony thin-layer chromatography and examined for altered behavioral phenotypes by various methods including digital analysis of colony patterns. Bacteria on surface environments seem to be living under strong surface tension of the surrounding water, and overcoming such circumstance by collaborative multicellular works and production of biosurfactants. Fractal colony growth of S. marcescens was shown as one such indication disclosing biological roles of the surface-active exolipid.
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