Abstract
The mining of shallow buried and thick coal seams may cause ground settlement, loss of surface water, and even soil desertification in arid–semi-arid climate zones. The key to protecting surface water resources through the technology of separated strata grouting is to study the evolution of the separation space under the key stratum (KS) with the change of strata. Aiming at the section of underground strata characteristics of F6202 and F6208 working faces, similar simulation tests under three typical geological conditions were carried out. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical calculation model was established, and the practice of separation grouting was carried out. The results show that, under the conditions of a thick coal seam with one KS, the structure formed by breaking strata below the KS was relatively unstable, and the separation space was relatively large, which is likely to cause serious ground settlement. More seriously, with the increase of the weakly consolidated layer and coal seam thickness, the increase of the ratio of rock to soil in the weakly consolidated layer, and the decrease of the thickness of the strata below the KS (two KS condition), the separation space was further increased. Based on the above analysis, combined with the real-time feedback data of the grout amount and pressure on hydraulic support, the position of the grouting borehole was determined, and the speed of mining advance was adjusted in time, thus effectively controlling the curvature of the ground settlement, protecting the integrity of the red clay layer near the surface, and consequently protecting water resources.
Highlights
Surface water resource protection is of great significance to prevent desertification
Esaki et al [6] predicted the profile function of river bed settlement under the condition of deep mining depth using continuum mechanics combined with geographic information system (GIS) technology
Wu et al [12] obtained the height of the water conducted zone using a numerical simulation method, and combined the aquifer water-abundance distribution charts to infer the area with water inrush risk
Summary
Surface water resource protection is of great significance to prevent desertification. Most scholars studied the law of overburden strata movement and ground settlement in the mining process using a series of methods; at the same time, a variety of techniques to protect water resources were adopted. They did not pay more attention to geological factors, such as the number of KS, as well as the variation of strata and coal seam thickness. MethodThse basic the coal seam geological thickness conditions is 5.2–15.3 of the study area are as follows: the average mining depth is 355 m, m, and the inclination angle is 0–7◦. Figursetr4u)caturereafnoarmlyezdedbynberxotk.en strata in the immediate roof and the range of the separation space below (a)
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